Combined thermal phenomena issues of long endurance hypersonic vehicles
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摘要: 针对长航时高超声速飞行器，分析了气动力/热与结构响应耦合情况下，结构受热变形带来的综合热效应问题。讨论了加热量与温度的关系，指出了在经过长时间加热后温度趋向于稳定时，温度分布特性仍然对结构热安全具有重要意义；明确了用辐射模拟气动加热来进行大面积结构热响应研究的实验途径。论文还讨论了在长时间加热情况下的一些综合热效应问题，明确了在优化设计中要考虑变形带来的对布局和轨道控制的系统性影响；讨论了在耦合实验测量中需要研究发展的技术问题；指出了长航时飞行中热量管理需要关注的几何和物理量多尺度问题。对这些问题的讨论与展望，将对下一步深化长航时高超声速飞行器的热防护和其他相关问题的耦合研究提供参考。Abstract: The combined thermal phenomena of long endurance hypersonic vehicles, which are a series of multi-factor coupling phenomena resulted from the structural thermal response under the aerodynamic heating, are reviewed and prospected in this paper. The multi-factor phenomena are concerned with aerodynamic force/heating, thermal response of the vehicle structure, flight-orbit/control. As the relevancy of the heating to the temperature of the vehicle is analyzed, the characteristics of the steady temperature distribution are still significant to the thermal safety of the structure when the flight is on the long-time cruise. And the experimental method, that the aerodynamic heating is simulated by infrared radiation, is introduced for the heating test in large area structure. Based on the discussion about the combined thermal phenomena under long-time-heating, the systemic effects of thermal deformation on the configuration optimization and flight-orbit/flight-control design are suggested to be taken into account; some technical issues are proposed in the coupling experiment of thermal protection; and the geometrical and physical multi-scale analysis are discussed in the thermal management of the long endurance vehicles.
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图 3 气动加热(左)和石英灯阵加热(右)对比云图
Figure 3. Comparison nephogram of aerodynamic heating and quartz lamp array heating
图 4 综合热效应现象的物理关系图
Figure 4. Relationship diagram of hypersonic vehicle coupling phenomenon
图 5 各物理因素的影响链路图
Figure 5. Physical link diagram of hypersonic vehicle coupling phenomenon
图 6 气动中心高超声速高温风洞构成图
Figure 6. Scheme of Φ600 mm high temperature hypersonic wind tunnel in CARDC
图 7 实验结果变形照片图
Figure 7. Foreground illumination photo of leading edge (Front view of the model)
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