Abstract:
The Doppler LiDAR was used to measure the periphery wind field of super typhoon 'Mangkhut' in Xuwen-the north shore of Qiongzhou Strait. The measurement lasted from 12:28 on September 15th, 2018 to 13:53 on September 17th, 2018, during which the evolution of wind speed profiles on the boundary layer was obtained from 29 hours before the landfall of the typhoon to 21 hours after its landfall. The evolution of wind speed profiles of the typhoon is summarized into 4 periods:low-speed-wind period, strong wind shear period before landfall, low-level jet period, and typhoon-far-away period. It is found that, there are 2 types of wind profiles which are different from monsoon:the S shape profile and anti-C shape profile; within the range of 230 km~750 km from the center of the typhoon, the maximum wind speed height increases first and then decreases with the increasing distance between the observation site and the typhoon center; the average maximum wind speed height and average power law exponent are respectively, about 360 m and 0.41 before the typhoon landfall, while the values change to 800 m and 0.28 after the landfall; Vickery empirical model was used to fit the S shape profiles and the anti-C shape profiles, and the results indicate that, the Vickery model can reproduce the anti-C shape of the hurricane boundary layer (i.e. low-level jet) but can not the S shape profiles.