约束体温下可压缩槽道湍流的行波减阻研究

Traveling wave drag reduction in compressible turbulent channel flow under constrained bulk temperature

  • 摘要: 本文旨在探究不同温度边界条件对可压缩壁面湍流中马赫数效应和热力学效应解耦机制的影响,以期更准确地评估可压缩槽道湍流的阻力特性。基于直接数值模拟方法,本研究在体马赫数为 0.3,0.8,1.5,体雷诺数3000的情况下,对比分析了恒定体积平均温度(constrained bulk cooling,CBC)和无体积平均温度约束(zero bulk cooling,ZBC)两种工况下可压缩槽道湍流的统计特性。结果表明,相比于ZBC工况,CBC工况有效剥离了热力学效应对流场的干扰,显著削弱了马赫数对湍流统计量的影响,使得在相同马赫数下,流向平均速度的峰值下降了15%,并有效抑制了高马赫数下易发生的再层流化现象。在CBC工况下,壁面摩擦阻力系数的变化幅度较ZBC工况更为温和,但受非绝热参数 \varTheta 的影响显著。具体而言,当 \varTheta 从 1.0 降低至 0.5 时,壁面温度随之下降,壁面热通量减少了近40%,从而导致近壁区黏性切应力降低近12%。此外,CBC工况显著降低了阻力系数对雷诺数的敏感度,当雷诺数增加60%时,其阻力系数的相对变化量不到ZBC工况的三分之一,表明在受控体平均温度下,流场的动量输运机制更为稳定。

     

    Abstract: This paper aims to investigate the influence of different temperature boundary conditions on the decoupling mechanism of the Mach number effect and thermodynamic effect in compressible wall-bounded turbulence, in order to more accurately evaluate the drag characteristics of compressible channel turbulence. Based on direct numerical simulations, this study comparatively analyzes the statistical characteristics of compressible channel turbulence under two conditions: constrained bulk cooling (CBC) and zero bulk cooling (ZBC), at bulk Mach numbers of 0.3, 0.8, and 1.5, and a bulk Reynolds number of 3000. The results indicate that compared to the ZBC condition, the CBC condition effectively isolates the interference of thermodynamic effects on the flow field, significantly weakening the influence of the Mach number on turbulence statistics. This leads to a decrease in the peak streamwise mean velocity by 15% at the same Mach number and effectively suppresses the relaminarization phenomenon prone to occur at high Mach numbers. Under the CBC condition, the variation amplitude of the skin friction coefficient is milder compared to the ZBC condition, yet it remains significantly influenced by the non-adiabatic parameter \mathit\Theta . Specifically, when this parameter decreases from 1.0 to 0.5, the wall temperature drops accordingly, and the wall heat flux is reduced by nearly 40%, resulting in a nearly 12% reduction in viscous shear stress in the near-wall region. Furthermore, the CBC condition significantly reduces the sensitivity of the drag coefficient to the Reynolds number. When the Reynolds number increases by 60%, the relative variation in the drag coefficient is less than one-third of that observed under the ZBC condition, indicating that the momentum transport mechanism of the flow field is more stable under the constrained bulk temperature.

     

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