端区开缝对超声速压气机叶栅轴向密流比影响

End-wall slotting effects on axial velocity density ratio of supersonic compressor cascade

  • 摘要: 针对超声速压气机平面叶栅实验轴向密流比调节的问题,采用数值模拟方法研究了叶片端区开缝对超声速压气机平面叶栅流场的影响,分析了三维直列超声速压气机叶栅在中间截面模拟二维流动的难点,对比研究了不同端区开缝尺寸(缝高0、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 mm)对压气机叶栅角区分离流动的影响,揭示了端区开缝方法对调节叶栅中部截面轴向密流比和控制端区流动分离的效果。研究结果表明:当出口为亚声速时,未开缝的三维直列叶栅因为端区分离流动增大,导致中间截面轴向密流比急剧增加至1.2以上,中间截面来流马赫数由1.58显著下降,偏离二维叶型流动特性。叶片端区开缝可有效降低超声速压气机叶栅中间截面的轴向密流比,但存在最佳的间隙值。缝高1 mm的开缝叶片可有效控制轴向密流比至1.05以内,叶片表面等熵马赫数分布、总压损失及出口马赫数特性均恢复至二维流动水平。增大叶片开缝尺寸(如2.0 mm及以上)会增强端区二次流动,在上游角区诱导产生流动分离,在下游加强尾缘涡的展向尺度,导致端区流动堵塞增大,压力面出现溢流,产生不利影响。

     

    Abstract: In addressing the issue of adjusting the axial velocity density ratio in experiments with supersonic compressor planar cascades, numerical simulations were employed to investigate the impact of end-wall slotting on the flow field of the supersonic compressor cascades. This study analyzed the challenges of simulating two-dimensional flow in the mid-section of three-dimensional linear supersonic compressor cascades and conducted comparative research on the effects of different end-wall slot sizes (slot heights of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mm) on the corner separation flow of the compressor cascade. The effectiveness of the end-wall slotting method in regulating the axial velocity density ratio in the mid-section of the cascade and controlling flow separation in the end region was revealed. The results indicate that when the outlet is subsonic, the unslotted three-dimensional linear cascade exhibits intensified end-wall region separation, causing the axial velocity density ratio in the mid-section to sharply rise to above 1.2, while the inlet Mach number decreases significantly from 1.58, deviating from the characteristic of a two-dimensional cascade. End-wall slotting can effectively reduce the axial velocity density ratio in the mid-section of the supersonic compressor cascade, although an optimal gap value exists. A slot height of 1 mm can effectively control the axial velocity density ratio to below 1.05; the blade surface isentropic Mach number distribution, total pressure loss, and exit Mach number characteristics all return to the level of two-dimensional flow. Increasing the size of the blade slots (e.g., 2 mm or more) enhances the secondary flow in the end region, inducing flow separation in the upstream corner and increasing the spanwise extent of the trailing edge vortex downstream, which leads to greater flow blockage in the end region, causes overflow on the pressure surface, and produces adverse effects. Therefore, the end-wall slotting can provide a more reliable methodological basis for the variable-pressure-ratio cascade testing of a supersonic compressor airfoil in an aircraft engine.

     

/

返回文章
返回