涡量约束数据融合气动性能快速预测方法

Vorticity Confinement Approach with Data Fusion for Rapid Prediction of Aerodynamics

  • 摘要: 准确且高效的气动预测方法在飞行器设计迭代的初期阶段至关重要。本文发展了一种基于数据驱动的涡量约束(Data-driven Vorticity Confinement, DVC)数据融合方法,旨在以低分辨率网格实现气动特性的准确快速预测。该方法在动量方程中添加体积力源项以补偿数值耗散,并通过融合精细网格高保真数据与低保真粗网格模拟,以最小二乘法建立约束参数与反映湍流特性的局部流场特征的函数关系,实现自适应调节。该标定框架对高保真数据来源具有开放性,可进一步拓展至直接数值模拟和实验测量数据,增强了方法在实际工程问题中的适用性。本文在STAR-CCM+中实现了DVC方法的嵌入式应用,并结合开源平台SU2的结果开展跨平台一致性验证,考察其在工程计算环境中的可移植性。使用平板边界层数据训练之后,还对高马赫数下的入射激波和压缩拐角案例进行了泛化验证。结果表明,在低分辨率粗网格下,DVC方法可准确预测入射激波流场的速度分布,显著降低各截面速度剖面误差;对于压缩拐角,该方法使得粗网格预测的壁面压力系数相对误差从27.4%降低至5.18%(SU2)和5.36%(STAR-CCM+)。DVC方法通过简化边界层内部结构,在不依赖传统精细网格下有效捕捉速度梯度,大幅提升计算精度和效率,为航空航天领域快速气动预测提供了一种新颖的工程化解决思路。

     

    Abstract: Accurate and efficient aerodynamic prediction methods are of great significance in the early stage of aircraft design, especially during the iterative process of scheme development. This paper develops a data-driven vorticity confinement (DVC) method, aiming to achieve accurate and rapid prediction of aerodynamic characteristics with low-resolution grids. This method adds a volumetric force source term to the momentum equation to compensate for numerical dissipation and by integrating fine-grid high-fidelity data with low-fidelity coarse mesh simulations, establishes a functional relationship between the constraint parameters and the local flow field characteristics reflecting the turbulent flow features through the ordinary least squares method, thereby adaptively adjusting the correction intensity. This calibration framework is open to data sources and can be further extended to direct numerical simulation and experimental measurement data, enhancing the applicability of the method in practical engineering problems. This paper realizes the embedded application of the DVC method in the commercial CFD platform STAR-CCM+, and conducts cross-platform consistency verification in combination with the SU2 results to investigate its portability in the engineering computing environment. After training with flat plate boundary layer data, generalization verification was conducted on the cases of incident shock waves and compression corners at high Mach numbers. The results under the low-resolution coarse grid, the DVC method can accurately predict the velocity distribution of the incident shock wave flow field, significantly reducing the velocity profile error at each section; for the compression corner, both the wall pressure coefficient and the velocity distribution are significantly improved: The relative error of the pressure coefficient is reduced from 27.4% to 5.18% (SU2) and 5.36% (STAR-CCM+). The DVC method simplifies the internal structure of the boundary layer, effectively captures the velocity gradient without relying on traditional fine grids, significantly improving the calculation accuracy and efficiency, and provides a novel engineering solution for rapid aerodynamic prediction in the aerospace field.

     

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