基于非线性耦合本构关系的高速升力体流动计算与分析

Computation and analysis of high-speed lifting-body flows based on nonlinear coupled constitutive relations

  • 摘要: 临近空间高速流动包含连续流与稀薄流的跨尺度效应。传统基于牛顿黏性定律和傅里叶热传导定律的线性本构关系,难以准确描述非平衡条件下应力与热流之间的非线性耦合特性。本文采用结合不动点迭代法与牛顿迭代法优势的混合迭代方法来求解非线性耦合本构关系(nonlinear coupled constitutive relations, NCCR)。控制方程在结构网格上采用有限体积法离散,并采用LU-SGS隐式推进加速收敛。针对HyTRV升力体在不同高度(30、60、90 km)、马赫数(5~20)和攻角(0°~20°)条件下,开展NCCR与Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程的对比计算与分析。研究结果表明:在30 km和60 km工况下,两种模型预测的主要流场结构和壁面压力系数曲线基本一致;在90 km、Ma = 20工况下,NCCR预测的压力峰值与热流峰值明显低于N-S方程结果,且随攻角增大差异进一步扩大。本文研究结果可为高速升力体在宽流域和大速域下的气动力及气动热特性分析提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Near-space high-speed flows involve cross-scale effects spanning from continuum regimes to rarefied regimes. Conventional linear constitutive relations based on Newton's law of viscosity and Fourier's law of heat conduction may be inadequate for describing the nonlinear coupling effect between stress and heat flux under nonequilibrium conditions. In this paper, the nonlinear coupled constitutive relations (NCCR) were solved using a hybrid iterative method which combines the advantages of fixed-point iteration and Newton iteration. The governing equations were discretized by a finite-volume method on structured grids, and the LU-SGS implicit scheme was employed to accelerate convergence. Comparative computations and analyses between the NCCR model and the Navier-Stokes(N-S) equations were performed for the HyTRV lifting-body vehicle under various altitudes (30, 60, 90 km), Mach numbers (5–20), and angles of attack (0°–20°). The results indicate that at altitudes of 30 km and 60 km, the primary flowfield structures and surface pressure coefficient distributions predicted by the two models are pressure coefficient. At 90 km and Mach 20, the pressure and heat-flux peaks predicted by NCCR are notably lower than those of the NS solutions, and the discrepancies further increase with the angle of attack. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for the aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic characterization of high-speed lifting-body vehicles over a wide range of altitudes and Mach numbers.

     

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