Abstract: Transonic buffet is a critical issue for high-subsonic and supersonic aircraft, severely limiting their performance and flight safety. This paper reviews the recent research progress in this field, covering numerical simulation methods, buffet mechanisms, wind tunnel testing, buffet control, and engineering applications. The key technologies in each aspect are summarized, and important considerations for transonic buffet research in the context of aircraft design requirements are identified. First, numerical methods for transonic buffet simulation are briefly introduced, and the similarities and differences in the mechanisms and analysis approaches between rigid and elastic wings are compared. Second, advances in wind tunnel testing of transonic buffet are summarized in detail, including buffet boundary criteria and measurement techniques. Finally, key technologies for transonic buffet control and representative engineering cases are reviewed. On this basis, several directions worthy of future in-depth investigation are discussed, including fluid-structure coupled buffet computation and mechanism analysis for civil aircraft with ultra-high aspect ratio configurations, high-precision multi-physics visual buffet test and measurement methods, multidisciplinary layout design considering buffet constraints, engineering application of novel control methods, and deep integration of intelligent methods in buffet analysis and control. This paper aims to provide a reference for further research and engineering application of transonic buffet control technologies for various aircraft.