基于密切曲锥的乘波构型一体化飞行器设计方法研究

The design of osculating curved cone waverider based hypersonic vehicle

  • 摘要: 描述了基于密切曲锥的乘波构型一体化飞行器设计方法。其特点是采用曲面乘波压缩前体,前体进气道压缩面基准流场由激波和等熵压缩波轴对称流场组成,三维乘波面采用密切曲锥方法由前缘线各点流线跟踪拟合构成流面;前体上表面由变半径轴对称特征线法生成基准流场并流线跟踪构成流面;尾喷管根据发动机燃烧室出口参数构造特征线流场并流线跟踪得到膨胀型面。快速的分析工具采用工程计算、一维燃烧室计算与经验公式相结合的方法对飞行器性能进行初步评估。所设计的三米量级一体化模型飞行器通过数值计算和风洞试验对性能进行了验证,结果表明,飞行器在设计状态基本达到设计要求,发动机正常点火工作,飞行器得到正推力,采用的气动性能快速分析估算方法对气动力的预测较为准确。

     

    Abstract: A new Osculating Curved Cone method is developed for hypersonic vehicle degign, in which the method of streamlines tracing axisymmetric flow fields of multistage shockwaves or isentropic compressing waves is used to create the waverider lower surface and inlet lip inner surface. The shape of the vehicle upper surface is governed by the inward deviation from the FCT as a function of axial location, the determination of the primitive flow variables on the upper surface is accomplished through the application of a first order scheme utilizing the axisymmetric method of characteristics, so as to fullfill an accurate yet rapid computational analysis. 2D and 3D MOC tools that can quickly design and analyze nozzle geometries are developed and the performance of SCRAMJET engine is evaluated by a 1D method. A model vehicle about 3 meters long at ondesign operation point Mach 6 is presented, and the results of numerical simulations and wind tunnel experiments show that rapid analysis has a moderate accuracy. The SCRAMJET engine works well and the vehicle obtains net positive thrust at design condition.

     

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