再入飞行器压心测量方法研究

Measurement of pressure center of re-entry vehicle module

  • 摘要: 在常规测力风洞试验中,测量天平可以测量出飞行器的气动力和对飞行器质心的气动力矩,按照常规的压力中心计算方法,求得的压力中心位置为气动力作用线与飞行器纵轴的交点,而不是飞行器真实压力中心的准确位置。针对再入飞行器风洞试验常规压心测量无法反映压心确切位置的问题,通过攻角连续变化和数据实时采集技术对再入飞行器压力中心进行了研究,得到了飞行器压力中心具体位置的测量与计算方法,以及其随攻角变化的变化规律。结果表明,得到的计算方法可以准确得到再入飞行器的压心位置。同时还导出了CN和CA分别对飞行器质心产生的俯仰力矩大小的影响:随着攻角的负向增加,CA对Cm的贡献逐渐增加,CN对Cm的贡献逐渐减小,压力中心实际轴向位置和常规计算值中压力中心和纵轴交点位置的差量逐渐增大,而压力中心的法向坐标值并不大;对于再入飞行器,CA对Cm的贡献很大,不能忽略或简化。

     

    Abstract: In conventional force measure wind tunnel test,the balance can get the aerodynamic force of the aircraft and also the directly moment . It is while the pressure center is usually considered as the intersection point between aerocraft's longitudinal axis and its aerodynamic force, which is not the virtually real value of the pressure center of the aircraft. How to obtain the pressure center of re-entry aerocraft accurately with the general method in wind tunnel test remains a difficult problem. In this paper, the position of re-entry vehicle’s pressure center was obtained through the technique of attack angle continuous change and real-time data acquisition. Also the pressure center of re-entry module change rule with the change of attack angle was obtained. Experiments demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method. With the increasing of negatives attack angle, the contribution of axial force to pitch moment becomes great, while the influence of normal force is just the contrary, which results in thickcreased gap between the conventional measured value and the real value of vehicle’s center of pressure. The vertical position of re-entry aircraft’s load center is relatively small in the test. The final CACm curve shows that the axial force CA should not be neglected or simplified in wind tunnel test.

     

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