矩形高层建筑平均风压的风洞阻塞效应试验研究
Experimental investigation of blockage effects on mean pressure of rectangular tall buildings in the wind tunnel
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摘要: 基于同步测压技术, 在同济大学TJ-2建筑风洞中进行了单体矩形高层建筑的阻塞效应试验研究。对阻塞度为4.1%、6.1%、8.4%、10.1%的刚性建筑模型在低湍流均匀风场中进行了测压试验, 对结果进行了对比分析。主要研究了阻塞效应对模型表面平均风压特性的影响。试验结果表明:在均匀流中, 阻塞效应对模型迎风面平均风压系数的影响较小, 除靠近角部测点外, 影响幅度不足5%;阻塞效应使模型侧面、背风面和顶面平均风压系数降低较为显著, 但平均风压系数分布规律没有明显变化。此外, 基于风洞试验结果提出了均匀流中矩形高层建筑平均风压的阻塞效应修正公式。Abstract: Blockage effects of an isolated rectangular tall building are investigated in the TJ-2 Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel in Tongji University using the synchronous wind pressure measurement technique. Pressure tests of rigid models with blockage ratios of 4.1%, 6.1%, 8.4% and 10.1% are conducted in the low turbulent uniform flow and results are compared and analyzed. Blockage effects on mean pressure characteristics on model surfaces are emphasized. The results show that in the uniform flow blockage effects on mean pressure coefficients on windward surface of the model are slight and less than 5% except for the corners. Blockage effects reduce mean pressure coefficients on side, leeward surfaces and roof obviously, while the distributions of mean pressure coefficients are almost unchanged. In addition, a new correction formula for mean pressure coefficients is proposed based on the test results.