冷却系统阻力对汽车总阻力影响的数值预测模型研究
Numerical Modeling and Prediction of the Effect of Cooling Drag on the Total Vehicle Drag
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摘要: 采用CFD方法数值模拟了小型汽车发动机冷却系统对全车阻力的影响特性。汽车的内部及外部(发动机舱及舱内)均设置了数值模拟网格。分别计算了散热器及风扇对阻力的影响,采用本校实验结果(散热器压力损失)及制造商提供的数据(散热器及风扇的质量流率)确定初始及边界条件,为基于RNS的CFD提供输入。对汽车轮胎运动模式及行驶速度对散热系统阻力及汽车总阻的影响特性也进行了计算分析。预测结果表明,冷却系统阻力占汽车总阻的6.9%,与实测值吻合。Abstract: The effect of the engine cooling on the total drag is evaluated by numerical analyses using CFD methods for a light commercial vehicle. The numerical mesh includes both exterior and interior (engine compartment, under hood components) parts of the vehicle. The effects of radiator and fan on the total drag were calculated separately. The initial and boundary conditions were supported by in house experiments (radiators pressure drop) and manufacturer data (mass-flow rate information of radiator fan) that are used as inputs for the RANS based CFD analyses. The effect of the wheels motion and cruise speed on the cooling drag and total drag is also investigated. Predicted cooling drag corresponds to 6.9% of the total drag which is consistent with the measurements.