Abstract: Even though maglev trains in low-vacuum tubes have demonstrated outstanding potential for future high-speed ground transport, several unresolved critical aerodynamic problems hinder their practical application. A high-speed tube train in a confined space usually results in choked flow fields that dramatically increase drag, surface heat flux, and noise. The aerodynamic problems become highly complicated when several high-speed trains operate in a tube due to flow field interference. The present study first summarizes the characteristics of tube train flow fields from near- and full-field perspectives and provides criteria for choosing operating speed, blockage ratio, departure interval, and operating mode. Moreover, the future development directions of tube train aerodynamics are prospected based on the review of the progress of the aerodynamic research and current research hot topics about the full-course operation. Based on the above overview, emphases should be directed toward developing reliable analyzing methods to investigate thermal and acoustic fields, especially when aerodynamic interference is present, and efficient strategies to reduce drag, surface heat flux, and noise.