Abstract: Large wind tunnels and related test techniques are indispensible foundation for the development of large aircraft. This article briefly introduces the aerodynamic characteristics of large aircraft and their wind tunnel test requirements. It also elaborates on the research status of large wind tunnel test techniques in China in the past decade, including the accurate simulation of boundary layer transition, flow field visualization, high-speed wind tunnel test model support, fine aerodynamic force/aerodynamic load measurement, aerodynamic force test data correction, aerodynamic noise, ice formation and deicing. It analyzes the gap between China's current wind tunnel test technology ability level and the needs of aviation developed countries and future model development, and puts forward development suggestions for the next step.