超声速来流条件下射流阵列和温度对横向射流流场结构的影响

Effect of jet array and temperature on the flow structures of a transverse jet in supersonic crossflow

  • 摘要: 主动流动控制在飞行器领域具有广泛的应用前景,其中横向射流在快速响应方面展现出优异的性能。针对超声速飞行器横向射流问题,开展了射流阵列及射流温度对横向射流流场结构影响特性的数值模拟研究。结果表明:超声速横向射流的典型流场结构由于欠膨胀射流与来流的强烈交互形成了射流前马蹄形回流区,经过桶形激波和马赫盘的流体与绕流共同形成了能干扰到后侧激波的涡对。随着射流温度的升高,高压区面积增大,射流诱导引发的涡对下游激波干扰更强,对俯仰力矩有增强效果。阵列射流明显能增强效果,但温度高时,射流前桶形激波会在两侧沿着飞行器周向在下表面汇合,使得增强效果有所减弱,所以布置阵列射流时,应选择合理的间距和温度。

     

    Abstract: Active flow control has a wide range of applications in supersonic/hypersonic missiles, in which transverse jets have demonstrated an excellent performance in the fast response to flow. To address the problem of transverse jets in hypersonic missiles, this study carries out numerical simulations on the effects of the jet array and jet temperature on the flow structures. Firstly, the typical flow structures of a transverse jet are analyzed. The strong interaction between the under-expansion jet and the incoming flow forms a horseshoe recirculation zone in front of the jet, and the fluid passing through the barrel shock and the Mach disk together with the incoming flow forms a counter-rotating vortex pair that can interfere with the downstream shock. As the jet temperature increases, the area of the high-pressure zone increases, and the counter-rotating vortex pair induced by the jet causes stronger interference to the downstream shock, resulting in an enhancement effect on the pitching moment. An array of jets can obviously enhance the pitching moment, but when the jet temperature is high, the bow shock in front of the transverse jet will converge towards the lower surface along the circumference of the missile from both sides. This phenomenon makes the enhancement of the pitching moment weakened, therefore a reasonable jet spacing and temperature should be selected when arranging an array of transverse jets.

     

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