俯仰角对扑翼飞行与发声的影响

Effect of pitch angle on the flapping flight and sound generation

  • 摘要: 扑翼俯仰角的变化对昆虫的扑翼飞行与发声有着显著影响。本文以使用扑翼扑动产生的声波(也称为翼音)进行交流的昆虫为背景,初步分析和讨论了扑翼执行3种俯仰角模式(正弦、梯形和快速上仰)时的飞行与发声性能。扑翼周围的流场通过重叠网格方法求解不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程得到。利用气动力模拟得到的数据,通过 Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings方程预测翼音。结果表明,不同的俯仰角模式可以适用于不同的场景。当执行正弦俯仰角变化时,扑翼具有较高的飞行效率和较小的噪声;当执行梯形俯仰角变化时,扑翼可以提供更多的升力,且具有更高的发声效率以进行翼音交流;当执行快速上仰的俯仰角变化时,扑翼可以同时具有较高的飞行效率和较高的发声效率。

     

    Abstract: The variation in flapping wing pitch angles profoundly affects insects' flight and acoustic performance. In this study, we conduct a preliminary investigation on the flight and acoustic performance during wing flapping, examining three distinct pitch angle patterns: sinusoidal, trapezoidal, and rapid pitch-up. Our primary interest lies in insects harnessing wing-produced sound waves, or wing tones, for communication. The flow fields around the flapping wing are computed using an overset grid approach to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Subsequently, the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equation is applied to predict sound generation, leveraging data from the aerodynamic simulations. The results indicate that different pitch angle patterns may be suitable for various practical applications. Specifically, the sinusoidal pattern enhances flight efficiency and reduces noise levels, the trapezoidal pattern results in more lift and a higher sound-generation efficiency for communication, and the rapid pitch-up pattern can provide more lift and have a higher sound-generation efficiency for communication. When performing the pattern named ‘rapid pitch-up’, the flapping wing can achieve both higher flight efficiency and sound-generation efficiency simultaneously.

     

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