双冲击射流产生喷泉效应的流动结构及动态特性

Flow structure and unsteady characteristics of fountain flow induced by dual impinging jets

  • 摘要: 双冲击射流的流场结构与力学特性是飞行器起降阶段需重点关注的问题,然而目前针对双冲击射流所诱发喷泉效应的非定常特性研究仍较为欠缺。本文以压比1.39、冲击距离为3倍喷口直径、双喷口间距为4.8倍喷口直径的双冲击射流为研究对象,结合粒子图像测速实验与数值模拟方法,分析了喷泉流场的动态演化规律,并采用正交模态分解方法识别了其中的主导流动结构。研究结果表明:喷泉运动主要表现为左右摆动,并伴有小幅度的上下振动;受上挡板阻碍作用影响,喷泉的左右摆动受到一定程度抑制,并诱发非稳态摆动模式,从而改变了其摆动频率。从三维视角观察发现,喷泉自滞止线起呈扇形向上扩展,沿扇形对称轴向两侧发展时仍维持较高速度,但在达到一定距离后,其上洗动量迅速衰减至零。

     

    Abstract: The flow-field structure and mechanical characteristics of dual impinging jets are critical issues during the takeoff and landing phases of aircraft. However, the unsteady characteristics of the fountain effect induced by dual impinging jets have not yet been sufficiently investigated. In this study, a dual impinging jet configuration with a nozzle pressure ratio of 1.39, an impingement distance of three nozzle diameters, and a nozzle spacing of 4.8 nozzle diameters is considered. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments combined with numerical simulations are employed to analyze the dynamic evolution of the fountain flow field, and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to identify the dominant flow structures. The results show that the fountain motion is mainly characterized by lateral oscillations, accompanied by small-amplitude vertical fluctuations. Due to the blocking effect of the upper plate, the lateral oscillation of the fountain is suppressed to a certain extent, and an unsteady oscillation mode is induced, thereby altering its oscillation frequency. From a three-dimensional perspective, the fountain originates from the stagnation line and expands upward in a fan-shaped manner. As the flow develops away from the symmetry axis, a relatively high velocity is maintained initially, but the upward momentum rapidly decays to zero beyond a certain distance.

     

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