高速三角翼边界层定常涡演化的数值研究

Numerical study on evolution of stationary vortices in a hypersonic delta wing boundary layer

  • 摘要: 以高速三角翼边界层为研究对象,采用直接数值模拟方法,研究了翼前缘吹吸对横流定常涡的激发和演化过程,并分析了eN转捩预测方法在三维边界层定常涡线性演化幅值预测中的准确性。研究结果表明,边界层定常涡的下游演化路径与其展向波数密切相关。随着展向波数增大,定常涡的实际演化路径与eN方法在三维边界层中常用的积分路径(无黏流线)偏差逐渐增大,从而导致扰动幅值演化预测的明显偏差。为此,在无黏流线的基础上提出了一种积分路径修正方法,实现了对高展向波数定常涡演化路径的准确预测。与直接数值模拟结果的比较表明,对展向波数 β=7.5 和 β=10 的定常涡,其幅值预测最大偏差分别从 12%、6% 降至 1%,采用修正路径进行积分能够明显提升线性稳定性理论(eN方法)对三角翼边界层定常涡幅值演化的预测精度。

     

    Abstract: Taking a hypersonic delta wing as the research object, this study first solves the basic flow field and applies Linear Stability Theory (LST) to analyze the growth characteristics of stationary vortices with different spanwise wavenumbers, revealing that significantly higher growth rates occur near the leading edge due to strong crossflow effects, which diminish along with the vortex growth rates as the distance from the leading edge increases. Then, the excitation and evolution process of stationary crossflow vortices in the boundary layer under steady blowing and suction at the leading edge of the wing is studied by direct numerical simulation (DNS). The reliability of eN method for predicting the linear evolution of stationary vortices in the three-dimensional boundary layer is tested. The results show that the downstream evolution path of stationary vortices in the boundary layer is closely related to its spanwise wavenumber. The larger the spanwise wavenumber is, the greater the deviation between the evolution path and the integral path usually used by eN method in three-dimensional boundary layers —— inviscid streamline, resulting in the deviation on the amplitude of disturbance evolution. Therefore, a method to modify the integral path based on inviscid streamline is proposed. Comparative assessments against DNS data for specific wavenumbers (β = 7.5 and 10) demonstrated a significant improvement in prediction accuracy. The maximum amplitude prediction deviation was reduced from 12% to 1% for β = 7.5 and from 6% to 1% for β = 10, confirming the effectiveness of the path modification and the validity of LST for amplitude prediction when using the corrected integration path. The results show that the eN method can predict the amplitude evolution of stationary vortices in the delta wing boundary layer more accurately by integrating along this path.

     

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