三段翼几何参数对气动和噪声特性的影响及基于数据驱动模型的优化设计

Geometric effects on aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of a three-element airfoil and data-driven optimization

  • 摘要: 随着民用航空对低噪声和高效率要求的不断提升,典型增升装置气动与噪声特性的一体化设计变得尤为重要。然而,现有研究大多聚焦于单一的气动或噪声性能,缺乏对二者综合优化的深入探讨。本文以典型增升装置30P30N三段翼为研究对象,采用高精度分离涡模拟(DES)耦合FW-H方程的混合数值方法,系统研究了前缘缝翼和后缘襟翼几何参数对气动与噪声性能的影响规律。基于大量数值计算数据,构建了三段翼气动与噪声的多层感知机(MLP)神经网络智能预测模型和生成式多目标遗传优化模型,并进行典型工况下的多参数气动与噪声特性智能预测及基于预测结果的智能优化。结果表明:所提出的多目标预测模型对增升装置升阻力及噪声的预测准确率超过95%;相比初始构型,优化后构型的升阻比提高约5%~8%,噪声水平降低约3~5 dB。该研究为增升装置三段翼的多学科一体化优化设计提供了新的思路和方法支撑。

     

    Abstract: With the increasing demand for low noise and high efficiency in civil aviation, the integrated aerodynamic and aeroacoustic design of typical high-lift devices has become particularly crucial, while most existing studies primarily focus on either aerodynamic or acoustic characteristics alone. In this paper, the classical 30P30N three-element wing was studied using high-fidelity DES coupled with the FW-H acoustic analogy to investigate the effects of geometric parameters of the leading-edge slat and trailing-edge flap on both aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics. Based on an extensive CFD database, MLP neural network models were developed for intelligent prediction of aerodynamic and acoustic responses, and a generative multi-objective genetic optimization framework was established. The proposed approach enables intelligent prediction and optimization design under typical flow conditions. Results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves a prediction accuracy exceeding 95%; compared with the baseline configuration, the optimized configuration improves the lift-to-drag ratio by approximately 5%–8% and reduces noise levels by about 3–5 dB . This study provides new insights and methodological support for the intelligent integrated design of three-element high-lift devices.

     

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