一种基于特征值迎风特性的保线性通量分裂格式

A linear preserving flux splitting scheme based on eigenvalue upwind characteristics

  • 摘要: 矢量通量分裂(flux vector splitting, FVS)格式在处理含数学间断的初始条件时,易在数值过渡区诱发非物理波动,在高马赫数流场中,此类微小波动可能对流场参数产生显著干扰。现有OC-UFSC(optimized contact upwind flux scheme based on characteristics)格式虽能有效抑制由激波间断引起的非物理波动,并实现密度间断的严格保持,但在速度线性流场保持方面仍存在一定局限。针对上述问题,本研究提出了一种兼具速度与密度线性流场保持能力的LP-OC-UFSC(linear preserving-optimized contact upwind flux scheme based on characteristics)格式。该格式通过空间解耦策略,实现了对速度及密度线性分布的严格保持。数值算例结果表明,LP-OC-UFSC格式完整保留了原始OC-UFSC格式抑制激波间断非物理波动及密度接触间断严格保持的能力;在超声速流场计算中,该格式表现出优异的鲁棒性,避免了通量差分分裂(flux difference splitting, FDS)格式常见的Carbuncle现象;在平板边界层粘性流动模拟中,其精度显著高于FVS格式及原始OC-UFSC格式,与FDS类格式精度相当,且优于熵修正后的Roe格式;三维双椭球算例在结构与非结构网格上进一步验证了该方法对复杂激波流场的模拟能力与工程适用性。本文提出的 LP-OC-UFSC 格式为解决高马赫数流动中数值格式的稳定性与精度矛盾提供了有效途径,对复杂工程流场的高保真数值模拟具有参考价值。

     

    Abstract: Flux vector splitting (FVS) schemes tend to induce nonphysical oscillations in the numerical transition region when handling initial conditions with mathematical discontinuities. In high-Mach-number flows, such small oscillations may significantly disturb the flow-field variables. The existing OC-UFSC scheme can effectively suppress nonphysical oscillations induced by shock discontinuities and achieve strict preservation of density discontinuities; however, it still exhibits certain limitations in preserving linear velocity fields. To address this issue, this study proposed a novel LP-OC-UFSC scheme capable of preserving both linear velocity and density fields. By employing a spatial decoupling strategy, the scheme achieved strict preservation of linear distributions of both velocity and density. Numerical results demonstrate that the LP-OC-UFSC scheme fully retains the capability of the original OC-UFSC scheme to suppress nonphysical oscillations induced by shock discontinuities, as well as its ability to strictly preserve density contact discontinuities. In supersonic flow simulations, the proposed scheme exhibits excellent robustness and avoids the carbuncle phenomenon commonly encountered in FDS schemes. In viscous flow simulations of the flat-plate boundary layer, its accuracy is significantly higher than that of FVS schemes and the original OC-UFSC scheme, comparable to that of FDS-type schemes, and superior to the entropy-corrected Roe scheme. The three-dimensional double-ellipsoid test case further verifies the method's capability to simulate complex shock wave flows and its engineering applicability on both structured and unstructured grids. The proposed LP-OC-UFSC scheme provides an effective approach to resolving the trade-off between stability and accuracy in high-Mach-number flow simulations, offering reference value for high-fidelity numerical simulations of complex engineering flows.

     

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