典型气动布局高超声速飞行的气动力数值评估

Numerical evaluation on areodynamics of typical hypersonic configurations for hypersonic flight

  • 摘要: 采用自主开发的数值软件SPACER对典型气动布局在Ma=6.0(Re=1×107)高超声速巡航时的气动力性能进行了数值评估。评估的气动布局包括类乘波体(仿X-51A)、翼身融合体(仿ISR)、传统升力体(仿X-33)和轴对称锥形体(仿Fasthawk导弹)。由于升力体范围较广,还对一种相对扁平的升力体模型进行了数值评估。评估结果表明:在考察条件下,类乘波体具有较大的升阻比和较小的阻力,是很有潜力的高超声速巡航气动布局;翼身融合体和传统升力体需一定的改进和进一步的研究,如扁平升力体的气动性能可得到大幅提升;轴对称锥形体以其总阻力小,也具有一定优势。

     

    Abstract: Conic curve is mostly used in traditional aircraft design process due to its good geometric characteristics, but its ability of shape deformation is limited to its single control parameter, while flexible shape deformation is the main characteristic of NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) curve. According to the configuration layout and the ergonomic constraints in the aircraft design process, NURBS curves and surfaces are used to implement shape parameterization and to generate flexible geometries for the forward fuselage, where related constraints are embedded in the parametric model. Relative lengths and angles are used to describe the control points of NURBS curves, CFD analysis is performed and the parameters are optimized to gradually reach a satisfactory forward fuselage shape. In addition, a transverse control curve is added at windshield area to further improve the local airflow. The results indicate that: it is a rapid and convenient way to obtain a desired shape by combination of the methods of NURBS and CFD; it's more flexible to control shape. Adding transverse control curve can improve the local airflow at the windshield area.

     

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