基于近海海面观测的台风黑格比风特性研究
Study on wind characteristics of typhoon Hagupit based on offshore sea surface measurements
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摘要: 根据在博贺海洋观测站测得的0814台风黑格比三维风速时程,首先探讨了实测数据质量的判别准则及处理方法,进而研究了平均风场特性:风剖面、风攻角、梯度风高度以及脉动风场特性:湍流强度、阵风因子、时间尺度、积分尺度、脉动风速谱等。研究结果表明:近海海面指数律风剖面指数 a 远小于建筑结构荷载规范推荐值;台风风场结构本身存在3°~7°正攻角;在近海海面上阵风因子均值为1.23;顺风向湍流强度平均值为0.10,三向湍流强度的比值为1∶0.80∶0.43;水平向时间尺度基本上均小于30s,竖向时间尺度均小于10s;纵向和横向积分尺度较为接近,大于竖向积分尺度;不同区域的实测风速谱与各经验风速谱均存在一定差异,与von Karman谱吻合相对较好。Abstract: Optimal technique based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is employed in a multiobjective optimization design of a 1.5MW horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blade with NPU-WA series airfoils for wind turbine application used along the span. The software of PROPID51 for the design and analysis of HAWT based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is used to predict the aerodynamic performance. The design variables are the blade shape parameters including chord and twist distributions along the span while relative thickness distributions are maintained. The objectives of the model are the maximums of Annual Energy Production (AEP) and power coefficient. A composite function called desirability function is built using the weighted sum of the individual objective function. The reduced quadratic polynomial without the secondordercross items are used as RS model to reduce the computational cost and the set of design points is selected to satisfy D optimality. The optimal design is performed on a 1.5 MW variablepitch and variablerpm wind turbine blade and the NPU-WA series airfoils developed in Northwestern Poly. Univ. for wind turbine application are used along the span. The calculated aerodynamic performance of airfoils is used as inputs in optimal design to analyze the effects of the weight factor of the individual objective function; experimental aerodynamic performance at free transition condition is used in design as well and the effects on aerodynamic performance of HAWT for clean and soiled surface conditions are analyzed.