Abstract: In recent twenty years, with the development of very flexible aircraft such as High-Altitude-Long-Endurance aircraft, geometric nonlinear aeroelasticity has become a research hotspot. The geometric nonlinear aeroelastic problems of very flexible aircraft are gradually highlighted, resulting in new challenges for aeroelasticity. This paper presents the aerodynamic modelling methods mainly used in geometric nonlinear aeroelastic analysis and engineering application, targeting flexible aircraft with high aspect ratio wings. The characteristics, research status and the application of strip theory, panel methods and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods applied in static and dynamic aeroelastic analysis are introduced. By analyzing and summarizing the research development and status at home and abroad for geometric nonlinear aeroelasticity, this paper also proposes some conclusions and suggestions on aerodynamic modelling of high aspect ratio wing under large deformation as a reference to researchers in both aeroelastic theoretical and engineering fields.