Flow-induced noise problems of propellers
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摘要: 螺旋桨噪声在航空航天和水中装备等领域广泛存在，是气动声学领域的重要问题和难点问题。螺旋桨噪声问题涉及时间和空间上非均匀各向异性的湍流来流，乃至多尺度的湍流结构与叶片之间的复杂干涉作用，对于螺旋桨噪声问题中的物理机制尚需进一步探索。本文首先针对20世纪70年代提出的螺旋桨吸入湍流噪声的基线问题，详述了50年来螺旋桨噪声研究的发展历史，分析和归纳了螺旋桨噪声在理论、试验和计算等方面的研究成果，并对一些尚未解决的难点进行了阐述。接着介绍了转静干涉、吸入边界层湍流等螺旋桨噪声的若干基本问题。最后，结合实际需求，对下一代飞行器、无人机和水中装备等领域的研究历史和发展现状进行了阐述，并对螺旋桨噪声研究的未来发展方向和潜在应用进行了展望。Abstract: Propeller noise is widespread in the fields of aeronautics and underwater systems, and represents a significant and difficult problem in aeroacoustics. Propeller noise problem is closely related to spatially and temporally inhomogeneous and anisotropic turbulent flows as well as complex interactions between multi-scale turbulent structures and rotating blades, which request further investigations. To show potential research directions in the near future, this article first introduces the baseline problem of flow-induced noise of propellers, and elaborates the history of propeller noise studies in the past half-century. Next, the research progresses of propeller noise in theoretical, experimental, and computational studies are analyzed and summarized, with the emphasis on some unresolved difficult problems. Then, some fundamental and important aerodynamic problems of propeller noise, including the rotor-stator interaction noise and boundary-layer ingestion noise, are introduced. Last but not least, the related important applications such as next-generation aircrafts, unmanned aerial vehicles, and underwater systems are discussed. The corresponding future development directions and potential applications of the propeller noise problem are proposed at the end of this article.
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图 1 近年AIAA/CEAS气动声学年会的论文数量
Figure 1. The number of papers in recent AIAA/CEAS aeroacoustic conference
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