考虑动力影响的民用飞机静气动弹性分析方法
Static aeroelasticity analysis method of civil aircraft under powered condition
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摘要: 采用了一种基于多块网格的N-S方程和结构柔度影响系数法, 考虑气动、结构非线性的基于RBF插值和RBF&Delaunay动网格变形技术的静气动弹性分析方法对喷流对弹性机翼的气动力影响进行了研究。利用DLR F6翼身组合体构型对静气动弹性方法进行验证, 保证了计算的可信性。采用该方法对比分析了某民用飞机无喷流/有喷流构型的静气动弹性特性, 表明发动机喷流会给机翼带来一个正的扭转效应, 抵消一部分机翼后掠效应的影响, 使机翼前后缘挠度均会有所增大, 弹性变形引起的多数剖面的附加扭转角有所减小。研究表明:喷流影响会使刚性机翼表面的压力分布发生变化, 升力系数有所损失;考虑喷流的机翼静气动弹性变形是一个耦合效应, 发动机喷流区主要受喷流影响, 外翼段主要受弹性变形影响。数值模拟结果表明:无喷流影响时机翼的弹性变形使升力系数下降约16%, 升阻比下降8.4%, 考虑喷流影响时, 升力系数下降达到18%, 升阻比下降36%。因此, 对于大展弦比机翼, 考虑喷流影响的静气动弹性分析十分必要。Abstract: Based on the N-S equations of multi-block structural grid and the method of structure flexibility coefficient matrix, an approach to CFD/CSD non-linear coupling problem based on radial basis functions(RBF) interpolation technology is established, RBF&Delaunay mesh motion method is adopted, which is used to compute the non-linear aeroelasticity of flexible aircraft with high aspect radio. This method is validated using DLR F6 configuration simulation. According to this method, static aeroelasficities of a civil aircraft under no jet/jet condition are investigated, showing that the engine jet can make wing plus twist, which is weaken wing sweepback effect, then the leading and trailing edge bending deformation increase and most of the favorable current profile twist angles decrease. Studies show that under the powered condition, the pressure distribution of rigid wing is changed, its lift confficient is reduced. The static aeroelastic deformation is a coupling effect, where the engine jet region is mainly influenced by jet while the outer wing is mainly by elastic deformation. The result of numerical simulation demonstrates that considering the aeroelasticity effect for no jet condition, the lift coefficient decreases by about 16% and the lift drag radio decreases by 8.4%. Whereas for powered case, the lift coefficient decreases by 18%, the lift drag radio decreases by 36%. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze static aeroelasticity of high aspect radio civil aircraft under powered condition.