高超声速飞行器先进气动布局的设计原理研究

Research on aerodynamic configuration design principle for advanced hypersonic vehicle

  • 摘要: 随着新一代高超飞行器性能的要求越来越高, 飞行性能提高和可操纵性下降之间矛盾问题凸显出来, 传统的三通道静稳定设计判据, 所能提供的设计区域非常狭窄, 以往通过牺牲飞行性能确保操作性的做法已经不可取。为此需要探索新型的气动布局设计准则, 扩宽可用设计区域, 为设计高性能的飞行器创造条件。国外的经验表明, 将横航向作为一个整体设计是一种可行的设计思路, Cnβ-dynLCDP参数对飞行器的横航向的开环和闭环模态特性能够进行可靠的划分, 采用上述参数的组合可以作为先进气动布局的设计判据。在本文中, 通过上诉组合参数极性划分了不同区域, 以某一典型飞行器作为研究对象, 开展了不同区域的开环模态特性, 并采用根轨迹法, 研究偏航角速率、滚转角速率和侧滑角反馈信号分别单独作用于航向通道和横向通道的6种闭环响应特性。研究结果显示, 飞行器的可操作性和不同信号的闭环反馈特性同划分区域是紧密相关的。这种区域划分可以为高性能飞行器的设计提供一种设计方向性的指导。

     

    Abstract: The contradiction between the higher performance and the humble controllability becomes more and more serious as higher and higher flight performance is required, the traditional three-axis static stability principle is not appropriate to the configuration design for new generation hypersonic vehicle, whose flight performance requirement will exasperate the control performance. It is necessary to explore a new configuration design principle, which expands the available design space and creates possibilities for higher performance hypersonic vehicle. In the new method, the lateral and directional performance is dealt with as a unity. From the overseas experience, Cnβ-dyn (Dynamic Directional Stability Parameter) and LCDP (Lateral Control Departure Parameter) can be used to classify the open-loop and close-loop lateral-directional model characteristic well and truly, which can be adopted as the advanced criterion for aerodynamic configuration design. According to the combination of Cnβ-dyn and LCDP, three typical states of a certain hypersonic vehicle are research objects, and open-loop mode characteristic and close-loop mode characteristic for six kinds of feedback performance are investigated with root locus method in this paper. Elementary result shows the controllability and close-loop feedback characteristic are closely connected with different areas divided by these two combination parameters, and Cnβ-dyn and LCDP parameter can be used as the aerodynamic configuration design criterion.

     

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