Abstract: In order to support the design of aircrafts, the flow control mechanism of the non-smooth surface structure of bird wings is revealed by investigating the influence of the non-smooth surface structure of bionic wings on the aerodynamic performance. Firstly, the bionic wing of the pigeon is reconstructed based on reverse engineering technique and 3D scanning results. Two kinds of bionic wings are established. They are smooth structure and non-smooth structure bionic wing models, respectively. The effects of flight speed and flight angle on the aerodynamic performance of the bionic wings under gliding are studied by using numerical simulation method to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of the bionic wing models. The aerodynamic performance and the flow structure of the smooth bionic wings and the non-smooth bionic wings are analyzed at different flight attitudes and 18 m/s flight speed. The results show that the non-smooth bionic wing has better flow control ability and aerodynamic performance at high angle of attack than the smooth bionic wing. This behavior is consistent with the efficient flight of birds.