基于风洞数据的低矮房屋双坡屋面风压非高斯特性

Non-Gaussian characteristics of wind pressure for gable roof of low-rise buildings based on wind tunnel data

  • 摘要: 基于加拿大西安大略大学低矮房屋风洞试验获得的风压数据,探讨了低矮房屋在不同屋面坡度、风向角、高度及地形情况下屋面风压特性的变化。为便于描述,以跨中测点为参考,不同风向角时还参考了边缘测点情况。文中分析了测点风压系数均值、标准差、偏度及峰态的变化,并探讨了基于Hermite多项式得到的测点峰值因子的变化规律。结果表明:屋面坡度较小时的风压特性相近,背风屋面风压非高斯性较弱;随坡度增加,风压非高斯性较弱的区域位于迎风屋面,继续增加则使迎风屋面测点偏度从负变为正。斜向角度下迎风屋面前缘的角点非高斯性较强,会产生较大的峰值因子。随高度增加,迎风屋面前缘峰值因子减小,靠近屋脊线的测点则增大。比起郊区地形,开阔地形时迎风屋面非高斯性较弱,测点峰值因子较小。

     

    Abstract: Based on the wind pressure data obtained from the wind tunnel test of low-rise buildings conducted by the University of Western Ontario (UWO), the wind pressure characteristics on the roofs are discussed for different roof slopes, wind directions, building heights and terrains. For convenience, the taps at mid-span are taken as a reference. In consideration of different wind directions, the taps near the edge are also taken into account. In this paper, the statistical data of these taps are analyzed, including mean values, standard deviations, skewnesses, and kurtosises. In addiation, the variation of peak factors is studied based on Hermite polynomial for these taps. Results show that the wind pressure characteristics with small roof slopes are similar, and the wind pressures of the leeward side have weak non-Gaussianity. As the slope increases, the region with weak non-Gaussianity is located in the windward side; and a further increasing slope results in that the values of the skewness for taps at the windward side change from negative to positive. For oblique wind directions, the taps near the corner at the leading edge of the windward side have strong non-Gaussianity, which contributes to large peak factors. As the height increases, for the windward side, the peak factors of taps at the leading edge decrease, while those near the ridge line increase. The non-Gaussianity of the windward side is weaker under the open terrain compared with the counterpart under the suburban condition. Accordingly, the peak factors of taps at the windward side are smaller under the open terrain condition.

     

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